nirmal utwani
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Writing

Essays on computing and AI, mostly on Substack.

  • The AI Winter Started With a Math Proof: Marvin Minsky and the XOR Problem ↗
  • When Bits Flip and Everything Breaks: Richard Hamming's Self-Correcting Code ↗
  • When Changing a Computer Meant Rewiring It: Maurice Wilkes and the Control Store ↗
  • The First Compiler: How Alan Jay Perlis Made Programming Human ↗
© 2026 Nirmal Utwani